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Data Sources

Every statistic on this website is backed by authoritative data from government agencies, academic institutions, and nonpartisan research organizations. Transparency and accuracy are fundamental to honest political discourse.

Showing 129 of 129 sources

Fiscal Policy

National Debt Total

$38.43 trillion

U.S. Treasury Fiscal Data|Accessed 2025-01-15

Total public debt outstanding as of January 2025

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Debt growth rate

$1 trillion every 100 days

U.S. Treasury / Bank of America Analysis|Accessed 2025-01-15

Based on debt trajectory from $34T (Jan 2024) to $38T+ (Jan 2025)

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Social Security Spending

$1.4 trillion annually

Congressional Budget Office FY2024|Accessed 2025-01-15

Mandatory spending on Social Security programs

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Federal Healthcare Spending

$1.5 trillion annually

Congressional Budget Office FY2024|Accessed 2025-01-15

Medicare, Medicaid, CHIP, and ACA subsidies combined

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Annual Interest on National Debt

$1 trillion+

Congressional Budget Office|Accessed 2025-01-15

Net interest exceeded $1 trillion in FY2024, surpassing defense spending

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Defense Spending

$850 billion

Department of Defense FY2024 Budget|Accessed 2025-01-15

Total DoD budget authority

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Improper Payments Annually

$162 billion

Government Accountability Office|Accessed 2025-01-15

Estimated improper payments across federal programs

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National Debt Per Household

$285,127

U.S. Treasury / Census Bureau|Accessed 2025-01-15

Total debt divided by ~134.7 million U.S. households

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Federal Spending as % of GDP

23.3% (50-year avg: 21.1%)

Congressional Budget Office|Accessed 2025-01-15

Historical spending levels compared to current

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Cumulative Improper Payments Since 2003

$2.8 trillion

Government Accountability Office|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Projected Interest Costs (10-year)

$13.8 trillion

Congressional Budget Office 10-Year Outlook|Accessed 2025-01-15
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GAO Identified Potential Savings

$725 billion over past decade

Government Accountability Office|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Tax Code Length

74,000 pages

CCH Standard Federal Tax Reporter|Accessed 2025-01-15

Includes regulations and rulings

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California Gas Tax

~70 cents per gallon

California Department of Tax and Fee Administration|Accessed 2025-01-15

Combined state and local taxes, highest in nation

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Healthcare

U.S. Healthcare Spending Per Person

$14,885

Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services|Accessed 2025-01-15

National Health Expenditure per capita (2024 estimate)

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U.S. Spending vs Comparable Nations

2.5x more

Commonwealth Fund / OECD Health Statistics|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Germany Healthcare Spending Per Capita

$7,383

OECD Health Statistics 2024|Accessed 2025-01-15
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France Healthcare Spending Per Capita

$6,517

OECD Health Statistics 2024|Accessed 2025-01-15
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United Kingdom Healthcare Spending Per Capita

$5,493

OECD Health Statistics 2024|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Japan Healthcare Spending Per Capita

$4,100

OECD Health Statistics 2024|Accessed 2025-01-15
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U.S. Life Expectancy Ranking

29th of 38 OECD nations

OECD Health Statistics 2024|Accessed 2025-01-15
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U.S. Infant Mortality Ranking

33rd of 38 OECD nations

OECD Health Statistics 2024|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Uninsured Americans

26 million

U.S. Census Bureau / CDC National Health Interview Survey|Accessed 2025-01-15
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U.S. Drug Prices vs Other Countries

2.78x higher

RAND Corporation Study|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Rural Hospitals Closed Since 2005

193

Chartis Center for Rural Health|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Rural Hospitals at Risk of Closure

30%

Chartis Center for Rural Health|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Medicare Drug Negotiation Discounts

38-79% on first 10 drugs

Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Projected Physician Shortage by 2038

86,000-187,000

Association of American Medical Colleges|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Nurses Intending to Leave by 2029

40%

National Council of State Boards of Nursing|Accessed 2025-01-15
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U.S. Healthcare Admin Costs vs Peers

$925 vs $245 per person

Commonwealth Fund / JAMA|Accessed 2025-01-15
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ACA Marketplace Enrollment

44 million

Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Medicare Hospital Insurance Trust Fund Depletion

2033

Medicare Trustees Report|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Border & Immigration

Immigration Court Case Backlog

3.75 million cases

TRAC Immigration / Executive Office for Immigration Review|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Average Asylum Processing Wait Time

4.3 years

TRAC Immigration|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Border Patrol Staffing Shortage

2,000 below authorized levels

U.S. Customs and Border Protection|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Fentanyl Deaths in 2024

48,000

CDC National Center for Health Statistics|Accessed 2025-01-15

Synthetic opioid deaths, primarily fentanyl

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Fentanyl Deaths in 2023

76,000

CDC National Center for Health Statistics|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Fentanyl Smugglers Who Are U.S. Citizens

81%

U.S. Customs and Border Protection / Cato Institute Analysis|Accessed 2025-01-15

Based on federal conviction data for fentanyl trafficking

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Fentanyl Seized at Ports of Entry

~90%

U.S. Customs and Border Protection|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Border Crossings in 2025

Lowest since 1970

U.S. Customs and Border Protection|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Fentanyl Seizures Drop from 2024

55%

U.S. Customs and Border Protection|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Border Patrol Attrition Rate

6%

U.S. Customs and Border Protection|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Border Patrol Applicant Training Completion Rate

1.8%

U.S. Customs and Border Protection|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Education

Total Student Loan Debt

$1.81 trillion

Federal Reserve Bank of New York|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Student Loan Delinquency Rate

10%

Federal Reserve Bank of New York|Accessed 2025-01-15
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U.S. Education Spending Ranking

3rd highest among developed nations

OECD Education at a Glance 2024|Accessed 2025-01-15
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U.S. Spending Per Pupil

$20,387

OECD Education at a Glance 2024|Accessed 2025-01-15
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U.S. Math Ranking Among OECD Nations

28th

OECD PISA 2022 Results|Accessed 2025-01-15
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China Annual STEM Graduates

3,570,000

UNESCO Institute for Statistics / World Economic Forum|Accessed 2025-01-15
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India Annual STEM Graduates

2,550,000

UNESCO Institute for Statistics / World Economic Forum|Accessed 2025-01-15
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U.S. Annual STEM Graduates

820,000

National Science Foundation|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Construction Worker Shortage

439,000

Associated Builders and Contractors|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Americans Living Paycheck to Paycheck

78%

PYMNTS / LendingClub Study|Accessed 2025-01-15
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States Requiring Financial Literacy

30 states

Next Gen Personal Finance|Accessed 2025-01-15

Up from 6 states in 2019

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U.S. TIMSS Math Scores

Lowest since testing began in 1995

National Center for Education Statistics / TIMSS 2023|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Infrastructure

U.S. Infrastructure Grade

C (highest ever)

American Society of Civil Engineers Report Card|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Infrastructure Investment Gap

$3.7 trillion

American Society of Civil Engineers|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Americans Without Broadband

19-26 million

FCC Broadband Deployment Report|Accessed 2025-01-15
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China High-Speed Rail Network

25,000 miles (U.S. has zero true HSR)

International Union of Railways|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Annual Grid Outage Costs to Businesses

$150 billion

Department of Energy / Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Projected Blackout Increase by 2030

100x without action

Department of Energy|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Hours Lost to Traffic Congestion (2024)

63 hours per driver

Texas A&M Transportation Institute Urban Mobility Report|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Annual Congestion Costs

$269 billion

Texas A&M Transportation Institute|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act Allocation

$711.8 billion

White House / Department of Transportation|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Bridges Needing Repair

1 in 3 / 42,000 in poor condition

American Society of Civil Engineers / FHWA|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Projected Grid Demand Surge

69% above projections

Department of Energy / NERC|Accessed 2025-01-15

Due to data centers, AI, and electrification

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Rural vs Urban Broadband Gap

22% rural lack vs 1.5% urban

FCC Broadband Deployment Report|Accessed 2025-01-15
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IIJA DOT Funding Status

59% obligated, ~20% spent

Department of Transportation|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Infrastructure Investment ROI

$1.50 per $1 invested

Moody's Analytics|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Israel Wastewater Recycling Rate

87-90%

Israel Water Authority|Accessed 2025-01-15
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California Wastewater Recycling Rate

Less than 10%

State Water Resources Control Board|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Central Valley Share of U.S. Food

25%

California Department of Food and Agriculture|Accessed 2025-01-15
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2012-2016 California Drought

Hottest and driest in 1,200 years

Nature Climate Change / UCLA Study|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Desalination vs Groundwater Cost

$3,400/acre-foot vs $100/acre-foot

California Department of Water Resources|Accessed 2025-01-15
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California Aqueduct Capacity Loss

Up to 46% in some areas

California Department of Water Resources|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Energy

U.S. Oil Production

13.5 million barrels daily (record)

Energy Information Administration|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Renewables Share of U.S. Electricity

25%+

Energy Information Administration|Accessed 2025-01-15
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California Electricity Cost

30+ cents/kWh (52% above national average)

Energy Information Administration|Accessed 2025-01-15
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U.S. Nuclear Reactors Built in 30 Years

2 (vs 2 per year in China)

World Nuclear Association|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Americans Facing Power Shortfall Risk

151 million

North American Electric Reliability Corporation|Accessed 2025-01-15
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U.S. Energy Project Permitting Time

4-7 years

Department of Energy / Permitting Council|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Vogtle Nuclear Project Cost Overrun

$13 billion to $32 billion

Georgia Public Service Commission|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Utility-Scale Renewables Cost

$30-32/MWh (cheapest source)

Energy Information Administration / Lazard LCOE Analysis|Accessed 2025-01-15
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California Battery Storage Capacity

10,000 MW

California Energy Commission|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Public Safety

U.S. Violent Crime Rate (2024)

Lowest since at least 1969

FBI Uniform Crime Report|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Murder Rate Decline 2023-2024

14.9% (largest one-year decline in history)

FBI Uniform Crime Report|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Property Crime Decline

8.1%

FBI Uniform Crime Report|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Retail Theft Increase Since 2019

93%

National Retail Federation|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Police Staffing Level

91% of authorized

Police Executive Research Forum|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Police Recruitment Decline

50%

Police Executive Research Forum|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Police Retirement Increase

45%

Police Executive Research Forum|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Black vs White Incarceration Rate

5-6x higher

Bureau of Justice Statistics|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Hot Spots Policing Crime Reduction

16-35%

Campbell Collaboration / Various Meta-Analyses|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Community Violence Intervention Shooting Reduction

30%+

National Institute of Justice|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Government & Corruption

Congress Approval Rating

15-19%

Gallup Poll|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Incumbent Reelection Rate

95-98%

OpenSecrets / Center for Responsive Politics|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Congressional Stock Trades (2023)

$630 million

Capitol Trades / Quiver Quantitative|Accessed 2025-01-15
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STOCK Act Disclosure Violation Penalty

$200

Ethics in Government Act / STOCK Act of 2012|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Lobbying Spending (2024)

$4.4 billion

OpenSecrets|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Dark Money in Elections

$1.9 billion

OpenSecrets|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Americans Who Trust Federal Government

22%

Pew Research Center|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Public Support for Congressional Stock Trading Ban

86%

Morning Consult / Politico Poll|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Public Support for Term Limits

87%

McLaughlin & Associates Poll|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Classified Documents Created Annually

50 million

Information Security Oversight Office|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Documents That Could Be Public

50-90%

Brennan Center for Justice / Former Classification Officials|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Technology

U.S. Share of Global Semiconductor Manufacturing

10% (down from 37% in 1990)

Semiconductor Industry Association|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Taiwan Share of Advanced Chips

90%+

Semiconductor Industry Association / Boston Consulting Group|Accessed 2025-01-15
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China Annual Strategic Tech Investment

$55 billion

Center for Strategic and International Studies|Accessed 2025-01-15
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CHIPS Act Private Investment Catalyzed

$500+ billion

White House / Department of Commerce|Accessed 2025-01-15
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International STEM PhDs Wanting to Stay in U.S.

77%

National Science Foundation Survey of Earned Doctorates|Accessed 2025-01-15
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IP Theft Costs to U.S. Companies

$225-600 billion annually

Commission on the Theft of American Intellectual Property|Accessed 2025-01-15
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AI Research Citation Share: U.S. vs China

43% U.S. vs 40% China

Stanford HAI AI Index Report|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Homelessness & Housing

Total Homeless Population (2024)

771,480 (record high)

HUD Annual Homeless Assessment Report|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Homelessness Increase

18%

HUD Annual Homeless Assessment Report|Accessed 2025-01-15
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California Homeless Population

187,000 (24% of national)

HUD Annual Homeless Assessment Report|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Houston Homelessness Reduction Since 2011

63%

Coalition for the Homeless of Houston/Harris County|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Veterans Homelessness Decline Since 2010

55%

HUD / VA|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Homeless with Serious Mental Illness

18%

SAMHSA / HUD|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Homeless with Chronic Substance Abuse

14%

SAMHSA / HUD|Accessed 2025-01-15
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LA Permanent Supportive Housing Cost Per Unit

$600,000+

LA County Controller / State Auditor|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Housing First Retention Rate

75-98%

National Alliance to End Homelessness / Various Studies|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Rapid Rehousing vs Shelter Cost

$880/month vs $4,819/month

National Alliance to End Homelessness|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Foreign Policy

Post-9/11 Military Operations Spending

$8 trillion

Brown University Costs of War Project|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Veterans Care Obligations

$2.2 trillion

Brown University Costs of War Project|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Overseas Military Bases

~128 bases across 49 countries

Department of Defense Base Structure Report|Accessed 2025-01-15
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Annual Overseas Base Costs

$65-94 billion

RAND Corporation / American University|Accessed 2025-01-15
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VA Budget

$326 billion (tripled over 14 years)

Department of Veterans Affairs Budget|Accessed 2025-01-15
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U.S. Defense Spending vs Other Countries

More than next 10 countries combined

Stockholm International Peace Research Institute|Accessed 2025-01-15
View Source

Our Commitment to Accuracy

All statistics presented on this website are sourced from authoritative, verifiable sources including:

  • Federal Government Agencies: U.S. Treasury, CBO, GAO, Census Bureau, CDC, FBI, DOE, DOT, HUD, VA
  • International Organizations: OECD, World Health Organization, UNESCO
  • Nonpartisan Research: Pew Research, RAND Corporation, Brookings Institution, Urban Institute
  • Academic Institutions: Brown University, Stanford HAI, National Science Foundation
  • Industry Data: Semiconductor Industry Association, National Retail Federation, Police Executive Research Forum

If you believe any statistic is inaccurate or outdated, please contact us. We are committed to correcting any errors promptly.

Data Sources | Zakaria Kortam for Congress CA-18 | Zakaria Kortam for Congress